生态系统分析中的生物物理模型及应用

本书为Ecosystem Science and Applications（生态系统科学与应用）系列之一，与美国密歇根州立大学出版社合作出版。生物物理模型在碳水循环方面的现代生态系统研究和遥感模拟中得到广泛应用。过去50年，模拟生态系统功能与动力学的计算机模型快速发展，这与遥感数据、计算机能力以及跨学科研究的日渐成熟有关。这些模型包括许多模拟不同过程和形成机理的子模块，大多数模型以一些关键的生物物理公式为基础，例如常见的Farquhar模型、Ball-Berry-Leuning-Medlyn family模型等。本书简要介绍了生物物理学的要素，详细介绍了模拟生态系统生产力、呼吸、蒸散发和优选变暖的核心算法及效果。每一章都简单介绍了专有名词、模型算法及其假设，并详细描述了模型的执行细节。每章都附有不同输入参数的数据表模板作为线上资料，用于建模练习。读者可以代入自己的数据集进行建模。这些资料将有助于读者理解特定条件下的模型表现及应用。本书可供生态、环境、地学及林业、农业等相关学科领域的科研人员和高校师生参考。

Chapter 1 Biophysical Essentials for Ecosystem Models
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Diurnal Changes of Air Temperature and Humidity
1.3 Atmosphere Water Vapor Pressure and VPD
1.4 Solar Radiation
1.5 Heat Storages in Soil，Air and Vegetation
1.6 Vertical Profile of Wind Speed
1.7 Energy Balance
1.8 Summary
Online Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgements
RJeferences
Chapter 2 Modeling Ecosystem Production
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Core Biophy’sical Models for Ecosystem Production
2.2.1 Michaelis—Menten Model
2.2.2 Landsberg Model
2.2.3 Farquhar’S Modd
2.2.4 Photosynthesis based on Stomatal Conductance(gs)
2.2.5 Light Use Efficiency(LuE)Model
2.2.6 Nitrogen Use Efficiency(NuE)Model
2.2.7 、v{Lter Use EfIiciency fWUEl Model
2.2.8 Multiple Resource Use Efficiency(mRUE)Model
2.3 The Datasets for Modeling Photosynthesis
2.4 Model Performances
2.4.1 Light Response Models
2.4.2 Results from Farquhar’S Model
2.4.3 Resuits from BalbBerry Model
2.4.4 Other Modds
2.5 Summary
Online Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 3 Modeling Ecosystem Respiration
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Models for Ecosystem Respiration
3.2.1 Linear and Log—linear Models
3.2.2 Quadratic and Polynomial Models
3.2.3 Arrhenius Model
3.2.4 Logistic Model
3.2.5 Garoma Modd
3.2.6 Biophysically Constrained Models
3.2.7 Time Series Models
3.3 Measured Datasets for Modeling Soil Respiration
3.4 Model Performances
3.5 Summary
Online Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 4 Modeling Evapotranspiration
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Methods for Quantifying ET
4.3 ET Modds
4.3.1 PET Models
4.3.2 Empirical Actual ET Models
4.4 Model Demonstrations
4.4.1 Meteorological Data
4.4.2 Modeled PET at Multiple Scales and Actual ET
4.5 Summary
Online Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 5 Modeling Ecosystem Global Warming
Potentials
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Temperature of the Earth
5.1.2 The Greenhouse Efiects
5.1.3 The Roles of Terrestrial Ecosystems in GWP
5.2 Calculating GWP of Greenhouse Gases
5.3 Calculating GWP from Surface Albedo
5.4 Case Examples
5.5 Summary
Online Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgements
References
Index