商务法律英语

目录1美国法律制度The American Legal SystemUnderstanding the American Legal SystemColonies of EnglandThe Articles of ConfederationThe Constitution of the United StatesThe Executive Branch Has the Power to Approve New Laws and to Conduct Foreign AffairsThe Legislative Branch Has the Exclusive Power to Make LawsThe Judi Branch Has the Power to Enforce and Interpret the LawsVocabularyExercises2法庭和诉讼语言Courts and the Language of LawsuitsThe Organization of Courts and Judi ReviewThe California Court SystemThe Language of LawsuitsJurisdiction of the CourtsHow a Common Law System Is Different From a Civil Law SystemVocabularyExercises3合同：合同的成立Contracts: Formation of ContractsWhat is the Difference Between a "Promise" and a "Contract"?The Elements of a ContractThe OfferThe AcceptanceThe CounterofferIdentifying the PartiesLimited OffersTerminating OffersLegality of OffersOffers Must be Definite and CertainOther Methods of Acceptance: Bilateral and Unilateral ContractsConsiderationA Substitute for Consideration—Detrimental RelianceVocabularyExercises4合同：合同成立中的问题Contracts:Problems of Contract FormationProblems with Formation of ContractsMutuality of Agreement—a Meeting of the MindsCompetence of the PartiesIntent to Make a ContractDefenses to Contract Formation —When an Agreement is Not Really an AgreementStatute of Frauds—Contracts That Must Be WrittenVocabularyExercises5合同：变更、履行和违约Contracts: Changes, Performance and BreachChanging the ContractAmendment of the ContractAssignment, Delegation, and NovationNovationThird Party Beneficiary ContractsBreach of Contract—What Happens When the Contract is Not PerformedMaterial and Immaterial BreachAnticipatory BreachRemedies for Breach of ContractSpecific Performance—When Money Damages Do Not Remedy the ProblemTwo Limits on Breach of Contract DamagesVocabularyExercises6侵权：故意侵权Torts: Intentional TortsWhat is a Tort?Personal Intentional TortsAssault and BatteryIntentional Infliction of Emotional DistressFalse ImprisonmentDefamationInvasion of PrivacyPublic Disclosure of Private FactsUse of Name or Picture for Commer PurposeIntrusion into Private PlacesFalse LightTrespassVocabularyExercises7侵权：过失侵权和严格责任Torts: Negligence and Strict LiabilityNegligenceCausationForeseeability RuleStrict LiabilityNonNatural MaterialsDangerous ActivitiesProducts LiabilityVocabularyExercises8侵权：损害赔偿和抗辩Torts: Tort Damages and DefensesDamages for TortsCompensatory Damages for NegligenceDamages for Intentional TortsAssault and BatteryIntentional Infliction of Emotional DistressFalse ImprisonmentDefamationInvasion of PrivacyPunitive DamagesLimits on Punitive DamagesDefenses to TortsAssumption of the RiskComparative NegligenceSuperseding CauseConsentSelfDefenseNecessityTruth as a Defense to DefamationVocabularyExercises9不动产：所有权Real Property: Ownership and RightsWhat is Real Property?Subterranean Rights and Air RightsOwnership of Real PropertyThe Transfer of Ownership of Real PropertyFreehold Estates: Fee Simple OwnershipFreehold Estates: Conditional Fee SimpleFreehold Estates: Life EstatesVocabularyExercises10 不动产：占有和使用Real Property:Possession and UseInterests in Real Property Without OwnershipLeasehold EstatesLeasehold Estates: Tenancy for YearsLeasehold Estates: Periodic TenancyLeasehold Estates: Tenancy at SufferanceLeasehold Estates: Transferring the LeaseRights to Use Anothers Real PropertyLicensesEasementsProfitsTransfer of Ownership Against the Property Owners WillAdverse PossessionEminent DomainVocabularyExercises11知识产权：著作权Intellectual Property: CopyrightThe Business of CreativityWhat is Copyright?A Short History of CopyrightThe Public DomainThe Exclusive Rights of a Copyright OwnerThe First Sale DoctrineFair UseInfringement of CopyrightSubstantial SimilarityRemedies for Copyright InfringementInjunctionsVocabularyExercises12知识产权：和商业秘密Intellectual Property: Patents and Trade SecretsPatentsRequirements to Obtain a PatentAre Business Methods Patentable or Not?Design PatentsTrade SecretsVocabularyExercises13知识产权：商标Intellectual Property: TrademarksWhat is a Trademark?Acquiring Ownership of a TrademarkGeographic Limitations on OwnershipAdvantages of Registration with the U.S. Trademark OfficeThe Duration of TrademarksFair Use of TrademarksTrademarks and the InternetLawsuits for Trademark Infringement and Trademark DilutionVocabularyExercises14商事组织：独资企业和合伙Business Organizations: Sole Proprietorships and PartnershipsSole Proprietorships—the Simplest Business OrganizationAdvantages of a Sole ProprietorshipDisadvantages of a Sole ProprietorshipPartnershipsAdvantages of a PartnershipDisadvantages of a PartnershipThe Duties of the Partners to Each OtherJoint VenturesVocabularyExercises15商事组织：公司和有限责任公司Business Organizations: Corporations and Limited Liability CompaniesCorporationsThe Ownership and Management of a CorporationHow a Corporation Is CreatedAdvantages of a CorporationDisadvantages of a CorporationLimited Liability CompaniesDisadvantages of a Limited Liability CompanyVocabularyExercises

Robert W. Woods，美国俄克拉荷马大学法律博士 (JD) ，美国俄克拉荷马大学戏剧导演艺术硕士(MFA) ；现为美国亚历桑那大学驻中国海洋大学法律项目主任。此前，在美国洛杉矶电影学院、美国俄克拉荷马大学法学院以及美国荷克拉荷马城市大学教授娱乐业商法、娱乐业法和庭审程序等，并曾在中国广西大学教授美国商法。在担任教职前，在美国洛杉矶比弗利山庄长期从事娱乐业律师工作,是很多好莱坞电影制作方的法律顾问，以及若干电视制作公司、人才代理公司、制片人、导演、编剧及音乐家的法律代表。2011年，获得在美国联邦法院的出庭资格。除了法学教育与律师工作外，还制作过三部电视剧，其中一部于2012年获得"富灵感的电视节目Epiphany奖"。此外，曾在美国阿肯色州、洛杉矶以及蒙古、中国南宁等地制作了一系列戏剧作品。武小凤，本科毕业于西南政法大学；中国人民大学法学博士，中国政法大学博士后；曾于甘肃政法学院任教，现为洛阳师范学院法学与社会学院副教授。2009年至2010年，赴美国俄克拉荷马城市大学做访问学者，主要研究领域为美国刑事被害人救助；2013至2015年，在俄克拉荷马城市大学法学院靠前中心从事靠前交流方面的学术与行政工作；后于俄克拉荷马大学攻读法学硕士学位，主要方向为美国法历史与美国宪法、美国印第安人法律体系。曾在《政法论坛》《现代法学》《法学家》《环球法律评论》《法学前沿》（Frontiers of Law in China）以及OKCU Law Review等刊物上发表论文十余篇；出版《冲突与对接--刑事法律和解制度研究》等专著。